Zoology Optional Paper 1 Question Paper 2025 with Detailed Solution; Download PDF

UPSC Mains 2025 Question Paper for Zoology Optional Paper 1 is available here to download in PDF Format. The exam has been conducted on August 31, 2025, in Afternoon Session (09:00 PM to 12:00 Noon). This Paper comprises 8 questions which are of 250 marks. The duration of the exam is 3 hours.

UPSC Mains Zoology Optional Paper 1 Question Paper 2025 with Detailed Solution; Download PDF (August 31, 2025)

Q1 (A) Write short note in 150 words: Metagenesis

Q1 (B) Write short note in 150 words: Book lungs

Q1 (C) Write short note in 150 words: Paedomorphosis

Q1 (D) Write short note in 150 words: Torsion and detorsion in gastropods

Q1 (E) Write short note in 150 words: Draw a well-labelled diagram of human eye and write its functions.

Q2 (A) Describe the comparative anatomy of digestive system in vertebrates.

Q2 (B) Give an illustrated account of reproduction in sponges.

Q2 (C) Describe the general features, distribution and social organization in termites.

Q3 (A) Describe the mechanism of parental care in amphibians with suitable examples.

Q3 (B) Describe the different stages of life cycle of Pheretima with the help of suitable diagrams.

Q3 (C) Discuss the various modes of nutrition in protozoa.

Q4 (A) Draw a well-labelled diagram of testis and ovary in mammals, and discuss the functions of their hormones.

Q4 (B) Give an illustrated account of skull types in reptiles.

Q4 (C) Explain the types and significance of migration in fishes.

Q5 (A) Write short note in 150 words: Biodiversity hot spots

Q5 (B) Write short note in 150 words: Navigation in birds

Q5 (C) Write short note in 150 words: Sickle cell anaemia

Q5 (D) Write short note in 150 words: Circadian rhythms

Q5 (E) Write short note in 150 words: Biome

Q6 (A) Define air pollution. Explain the types, sources, consequences and control measures of air pollution.

Q6 (B) Define pheromones. Discuss the role of pheromones in alarm spreading in animals with suitable examples.

Q6 (C) What is DNA fingerprinting? Explain the mechanism and applications of DNA fingerprinting in forensic science.

Q7 (A) What is Student's t-test and its significance in biological research? Write the formula of t-test and its various steps using simple data.

Q7 (B) Explain the principle, instrumentation and applications of fluorescence microscope.

Q7 (C) Describe the different species suitable for prawn culture with emphasis on the methods of prawn cultivation.

Q8 (A) What do you mean by infectious and communicable diseases? Mention the causative agent and means of spread of filaria. Also describe the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures of filaria.

Q8 (B) Give an illustrated account of carbon cycle with suitable diagram.

Q8 (C) Describe the phenomenon of sexual conflict and selfishness in studying animal behaviour with suitable examples.

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